An Enquiry Concerning The Principles Of Morals Essay example -- essays

     What is a moral? This is a question that has plagued philosophers for many years. Is it possible to have a set of universal morals? There ar many questions that surround the mystery of morals. They seem to drive our every action. We base our decisions on what is right and what is maltreat. But what is it that actu wholey determines what is right and what is wrong? Is it our sense of reasonableness? Is it our sense of sentiment? This is a question that David Hume spent much of his life pondering. What exactly is it that drives our actions? Yes, morals drive them, but what determines what our morals are? What is it that ultimately drives our actions our feelings or our minds?      Hume would say that it is our sentiment that ultimately drives our actions. According to Hume, reason is incapable of motivating an action. According to Hume, reason can non fuel an action and therefore cannot stir up it. Hume feel that all actions are motiva ted by our sentiment. For example, on page 84 Appendix I, he gives the example of a criminal. "It resides in the mind of the person, who is ungrateful. He must, therefore, feel it, and be conscious of it." Here, it is evident that Hume is saying that unless the person, or criminal in this case, sincerely believes in what he wants to do, he will not be able to motivate the action. In other words, unless the sentiment is there, the action cannot be willed into being. Hence, the sentiment is the driving force behind the action.      Hume does not however say that reason is incapable of determining wether an action is virtuous or vicious (moral or dissipated), but instead he tries to say that the reason for the morality of an action does not dictate the execution or perversion of an act so far as determination of wether the action is executed or not. In simpler terms, reason has its plaza in determining morality, but it is not in the motivation of an action . Motivation must come from the heart, or better yet, from within the person from their beliefs. suit still allows the person to make moral distinctions. Without reason, there would be no morality. Without reason, one moral clause would not be differentiable from another. That is to say that below all morals, there must be some underlying truth because "Truth is disputable n... ...reasons are NOT necessarily the persons sentiments, they do not motivate actions. single other reason why reason does not impel action is because reason is based on truths. Truths are never changing whereas sentiments are high-octane and are in a constant change of flux. At one moment, the criminal could feel sympathy for his victims and decide to spare a life, and the very next, the like criminal could become enraged at the pimple on a hostages forehead and shoot him.      Of course these are extreme cases, but the point is clear. Reason would dictate that only the first act ion would be moral. If reason drove actions, then moral behavior would prevail and there would be no immoral actions and hence there would be no crimes. This shows how sentiments can change as the individuals perception of the universe changes. Obviously, the driving force behind the criminal shooting the victim because of a skin blemish is not one based on reason, but instead it is based on feeling, emotion, sentiment. Although it is an abstract idea and a patently tiny technicality, it is easy to see that indeed reason is not the ultimate motivator but instead sentiment is.